Area: BIOGENESIS Date: 24 Aug 94 08:16:34 Public To: Salvatore Pallotti Subject: Flood sta

 Area:    BIOGENESIS
 Date:    24 Aug 94  08:16:34  Public
 From:    John Brawley
 To:      Salvatore Pallotti
 Subject: Flood stats

On (20 Aug 94) Salvatore Pallotti wrote to John Brawley...

 SP>  And there is one of the major flaws of the evolutionary "Model",
 SP>  it runs contradictory to the Second Law of Thermodynamics! -- 

(*sigh*)  I wasn't going to start (see other message), but it
seems so obvious that the hydraulic ram water pump is a
perfect illustrative example of what 'evolution' does, that I
guess I _will_ start....

Here: the hydraulic "ram" is a very simple device, that pumps
a little water (continuously) to a _higher_ level than the
water 'head' used to drive it.  It uses a lot of water (wastes
it) in order to defy the _apparent_ "second law" argument.  It
works like this.


                            ________water tank
                                  /
                                 /
_________pool of water          /
        \\                     /
         \\                   /
          \\                 /
           \\               /
            \\hydraulic ram/



Now, the hydraulic ram has two valves, a little one and a big
one.  The big one is in the line from pool to ram, the little
one in the line from ram to tank.  Let's start with the water
flowing down the big pipe from pool to ram: in the ram,
there's a flapper valve that closes when the water rushing
past it reaches a specified velocity.  When it closes, the
water rushing down the big pipe is _suddenly_stopped_.  There
inside the hydraulic ram, the water pressure suddenly goes
'way high (from being suddenly stopped inside the ram).  This
sudden high pressure forces a little squirt of water into the
little pipe to the tank, through a second valve that is held
closed otherwise by decently strong spring pressure.  Now:
almost as soon as the big-pipe water is suddenly stopped (but
_after_ the little high-pressure squirt into the other line),
the main (big) valve re-opens, because it has a much weaker
spring that holds it open whenever the pressure goes low
(because the water has stopped flowing).  As it opens, the
water from pool to (through, actually) ram begins to flow
again, and to accelerate.  As soon as this free-flowing water
reaches the speed that 'catches the edge' of the big
'flapper,' it slams the flapper valve shut again, and the
whole cycle repeats.

The hydraulic ram is an _elegant_ little device, although it
makes a constant "whap!......whap!......whap!" noise, a few
seconds between "whap!s."  I have seen one of these operating
at a one megagallon per day spring, on my family's property in
Centerville, Missouri, so we're NOT talking about a
hypothetical device.  The ram works _continuously_, it has
only two moving parts (the two valves and their associated
springs), and requires no driving power other than the water
running down a pipe on a gentle slope.  It is profligate in
its use of the driving water, "wasting" about 90 to 95 percent
of the energy in the water "head," but it creates a high-
pressure driving (pumping) force that pumps water _much_
higher in the gravitational field than the driving force
itself.  It "violates" the Second Law of Thermodynamics....or
does it?  No, it doesn't.  It just wastes a lot of energy to
do a _little_ something that is opposed to entropy.

Hence the hydraulic ram water pump is a decent model for
energy use in the evolutionary process: it uses a lot of
energy (sunlight falls continually on earth) to produce a
small anti-entropic effect (evolution).  A water wheel does a
similar thing, "wasting" all the water falling over it in
order to gat a little torque out of the waterwheel shaft.
Hence _on_its_way_down_ from high-order to low-order, _work_
can be extracted.  You can't get something for nothing, but
you _can_ easily get a little bit of something for the
expenditure of a whole lot of something else.  Hydraulic rams
are horribly inefficient, but they _work_ and they seem to
oppose entropy (oppose the second law).

Now: if the hydraulic ram is real (it is, and since I've
personally seen one operating, I'd actually bank my _life_ on
its reality), then where is the violation in any similar use
of lots of energy to achieve a little anti-entropic effect,
like 'evolution' does?  Eh?



So, as you see, evolution HAS NO THERMODYNAMIC PROBLEMS!



J B

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... Copenhagenists don't do it unless somebody's watching.